Free Machining Brass refers to specific brass alloys that have been engineered to cut easily and cleanly on lathes, mills, and other machining equipment.
The most common free machining brass is Alloy 360 (also called C36000 or C360).
What Makes it "Free Machining"?
Normally, brass is already pretty easy to machine compared to steel or stainless. But free machining brass takes it a step further — it's specifically formulated with a higher lead content (about 2.5% to 3.7% lead by weight).
Benefits of the Lead:
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Acts like a lubricant during cutting
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Prevents tool wear
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Produces small, breakable chips (instead of stringy ones)
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Allows for faster cutting speeds
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Gives a clean, smooth finish without tearing or galling
Common Applications of Free Machining Brass:
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Screws, nuts, bolts
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Electrical components
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Plumbing fittings
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Lamp parts (very common!)
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Precision turned parts
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Decorative hardware
Quick Comparison:
| Brass Type | Lead Content | Machinability Rating | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| C360 (Free Machining Brass) | 2.5%-3.7% | 100% (gold standard) | Best for machining |
| C260 (Cartridge Brass) | Low or no lead | ~20-30% | Better for forming, bending |
| C464 (Naval Brass) | Low or no lead | ~20-30% | Corrosion resistant |
Important Note on Safety:
Because it contains lead, C360 brass should not be used for parts that contact drinking water or food — unless it meets special low-lead requirements (like C360 Pb-Free or EcoBrass).
Final Thought:
If you're machining brass lamp parts, handles, fittings, or fasteners — Free Machining Brass (C360) is your friend. It saves time, tools, and headaches.
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